Matera’s Extraordinary Historical Legacy
With a history spanning millennia, Matera stands as one of the world’s most ancient continuously inhabited cities. The distinctive Sassi di Matera, a network of cave dwellings carved into the cliffs along the Gravina River gorge, remains the city’s most iconic feature. Inhabited since the Paleolithic era, some of these dwellings boast an astonishing age of over 9,000 years. Throughout its enduring history, Matera has grappled with challenges such as poverty and overcrowding, yet it has also witnessed periods of prosperity and cultural flourishing. Today, Matera proudly thrives as a city that embraces its ancient heritage while charting a modern course for the future.
The Sassi: An Unparalleled Journey
At the heart of Matera’s allure lies the Sassi, a testament to human ingenuity. Carved into limestone cliffs, these cave houses are interconnected by a labyrinthine network of narrow streets, alleyways, and staircases. A visit to Matera becomes a journey into another world as you explore the Sassi, revealing hidden courtyards, churches, and cave homes. Many of these spaces have undergone transformation into hotels, restaurants, and shops, providing an up-close experience of life in the Sassi. Noteworthy among these is the Casa Grotta di Vico Solitario, a restored cave dwelling offering insights into the daily lives of Matera’s past inhabitants.
The Sassi: A UNESCO World Heritage Site
In 1993, Matera’s Sassi attained the prestigious UNESCO World Heritage status, catapulting the city into international acclaim. This recognition became a catalyst for Matera’s transformative journey, inspiring efforts to restore and preserve its historic treasures. Since then, the city has seamlessly blended its ancient past with contemporary life.
Ideal Timing for a Matera Visit
Matera beckons visitors year-round, but the optimal time depends on personal preferences. Spring and fall, with their mild weather from April to June and September to November, offer ideal conditions for exploring the Sassi and enjoying Matera’s outdoor attractions. Summer, from June to August, can be hot, attracting tourists despite the need to stay hydrated and seek shade. Winter, spanning December to February, offers a quieter, more intimate experience with fewer tourists, though some attractions and restaurants may have reduced hours.
Matera’s Gastronomic Delights
Reflecting its rich history and the fertile lands of Basilicata, Matera’s cuisine is a treat for the senses. Indulge in local delights such as:
Pane di Matera: Rustic bread with a crusty exterior and soft interior, often served with local cheeses and olive oil.
Cavatelli: Pasta made from durum wheat semolina, typically served with a rich tomato sauce and grated pecorino cheese.
Lucanica Sausage: A regional specialty enjoyed grilled or in pasta dishes.
Peperoni Cruschi: Dried, crispy peppers adding a delightful crunch to local dishes.
Aglianico Wine: Renowned red wine that pairs wonderfully with Matera’s cuisine.
Where to Stay in Matera
Matera offers diverse accommodations, but for an immersive experience, consider cave hotels or bed-and-breakfasts in the Sassi. These lodgings offer a glimpse into the city’s history while providing modern comfort. Boutique hotels and charming guesthouses in the newer part of Matera offer convenient access to the Sassi and other attractions. Advance booking, especially during peak tourist seasons, is advisable.
Exploring Matera’s Environs
While Matera captivates, the surrounding Basilicata region offers additional exploration opportunities. Consider day trips to:
Gravina di Matera: A picturesque canyon adjacent to Matera, featuring ancient cave dwellings and rock churches.
Craco: A hauntingly beautiful ghost town abandoned in the 1960s, offering a unique stroll through empty streets.
Pollino National Park: Italy’s largest national park, boasting diverse flora and fauna, scenic hiking trails, and the charming town of Castrovillari.
Getting to Matera
Matera enjoys excellent connectivity to major Italian cities through trains and buses. The nearest major airports are Bari Karol Wojtyła Airport (BRI) and Brindisi Airport (BDS), with a one-hour train journey from Bari to Matera.
Respecting Matera’s Heritage
Exploring Matera demands respect for its heritage and its residents. The Sassi are not just historical attractions; they remain home to many. Visitors should be mindful of noise, avoid trespassing on private property, and dispose of litter responsibly.
Embracing a Leisurely Pace
Matera invites a slower pace, encouraging visitors to savor the moment, immerse themselves in history and culture, and appreciate the city’s simple beauty. Whether wandering through the Sassi or enjoying a meal in a quaint trattoria, Matera embodies the art of “dolce far niente” – the sweetness of doing nothing. A visit to Matera promises a step back in time, offering a unique and enchanting Italian adventure. With its rich history, cave dwellings, and warm hospitality, Matera invites travelers to discover the magic of this ancient city. Pack your bags, prepare to be captivated, and embark on an unforgettable journey through Matera, Italy.
